suffix property outputs the file extension and excludes the file name. On the other hand, PurePath().suffix provides the file extension of the last component of your path: In : pathlib.PurePath('/src/goo/scripts/main.py').suffixĬompared to the. name property outputs the name of the file main.py which is main with its suffix. In this example, the final path component is main.py. PurePath().name provides the name of the last component of your path: In : pathlib.PurePath('/src/goo/scripts/main.py').name In Python 3.10 and above, you can use slices and negative index values. You should always specify the ancestor index in the square brackets as seen above. PurePath().parents outputs the ancestors of the path: In : p = pathlib.PurePath('/src/goo/scripts/main.py') parent property to get the path of the logical parent of main.py. PurePath().parent outputs the parent of the path: In : pathlib.PurePath('/src/goo/scripts/main.py').parent Pure path propertiesĮach subclass in PurePath() provides the following properties: The same applies to PureWindowsPath() since this class doesn't provide system calls, so instantiating it will not raise any error for other operating systems. PureWindowsPath() is the child node of PurePath() implemented for Windows file system paths. You will not get any error if you instantiate PurePosixPath() on Windows because too simply this class doesn't make system calls. PurePosixPath() is the child node of PurePath() implemented for non-Windows file system paths. But if you instantiate it on Windows you will get something like PureWindowsPath('setup.py'). PurePath() in the example above creates a PurePosixPath() because we assumed we are running on a Linux machine. PurePath() creates a generic path object "agnostic path", regardless of the operating system you are running on. When you instantiate PurePath(), it creates two classes to handle Windows paths and non-Windows paths. PurePath() is the root node that provides handling operations to every path object in Pathlib. How to use pure pathsĪs you can see in the diagram above, pure paths consist of three classes that handle any file system path on your machine: Here, Pure path class objects will help you get the path working on your machine with some basic operations like creating child paths or accessing individual parts of a path.īut pure paths won't be able to mimic some other operations like creating a directory or a file because you are not actually in that operating system. Pure paths manipulate a file path on your machine even if it belongs to a different operating system.įor example, let's say you are on Linux and you want to use a Windows file path. ![]() It inherits manipulation from the parent class and adds input/output operations that do system calls. In other words, a concrete path is a subclass of a Pure path. The pure path provides utilities to handle and manipulate your file path without making writing operations, while the concrete path allows you to manipulate and do writing operations on your file path. ![]() Pathlib contains many objects such as PosixPath() and PurePath(), which we will learn more about in the following sections.īefore we jump into this, Pathlib divides the filesystem paths into two different classes that represent two types of path objects: Pure Path and Concrete Path. If we print p, we will get the path to the file we are currently in: /home/rochdikhalid/dev/src/package/example.pyĪs shown above, Pathlib creates a path to this file by putting this particular script in a Path object. Here, we use the Path object from Pathlib with a built-in variable in Python called _file_ to refer to the file path we are currently writing in it example.py. Then, we create a new variable called p to store the path. In this example, we import the Pathlib module. Open the file, and type the following content: import pathlib To understand how you can construct a basic path using Pathlib, let's create a new Python file called example.py and put it inside a particular directory. However, if you are using a version of Python lower than 3.4, you won't have access to this module. Pathlib comes as default with Python >= 3.4. Also, it provides functionalities and operations to help you save time while handling and manipulating paths. This small difference can cause issues if you are working on a project and you want other developers who come from different operating systems to expand your code.įortunately, if you're coding in Python, the Pathlib module does the heavy lifting by letting you make sure that your file paths work the same in different operating systems. ![]() For example, Linux uses forward slashes for paths, while Windows uses backslashes. Each operating system has different rules for constructing file paths.
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